Top Guidelines Of White Label Seo South Africa

The Ultimate Guide To White Label Seo South Africa


White labelling improves customer experience, lines up a firm's on-line identification, and promotes customer confidence. Any service in any type of field would certainly wish to benefit from such benefits. White labelling isn't always the most effective option, however.


In today's electronic age, things are constantly changing in advertising and marketing, so optimizing your client's advertising and marketing in every method you can is critical. Partnering with a search engine optimization business to do white-label search engine optimization for your customers will permit you to provide these present solutions to your client, which will certainly not only impress them with your sector expertise however additionally produce more organization for them.


You can take credit report for the positive outcomes without needing years of experience. Utilizing their substantial knowledge, you can take advantage of the experience of skilled experts that have dealt with and fixed different SEO obstacles - White Label SEO South Africa. They remain up-to-date with the latest patterns and approaches to guarantee your SEO methods function well with transforming online search engine regulations




Our White Label Seo South Africa Diaries


White Label SEO South AfricaWhite Label SEO South Africa
This saves you both time and expense, allowing you to use your resources a lot more effectively. Your business can gain even more cash by attracting more clients with your boosted search engine optimization offerings. This affordable strategy will certainly allow you to streamline your procedures and allot resources more effectively, leading to greater revenue margins.


Particular aspects that made a SEO campaign successful last month will not necessarily be successful this month. When you outsource white-label search engine optimization solutions, you do not have to hang around keeping up on the current search engine optimization trends and content advertising approaches due to the fact that the search engine optimization advertising and marketing solution you employed will certainly do it for you.




By harnessing these benefits, firms of all dimensions can remain ahead of the competition and thrive in the ever-evolving online world.




What Does White Label Seo South Africa Do?


Seo (SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION) is a well-known term for a lot of us. You are probably also conscious of the advantages of maximizing your website and boosting its rankings in internet search engine result web pages (SERPs). There's an opportunity that not all of you have the sources or the group that can take care of Search engine optimization.




White Label SEO South AfricaWhite Label SEO South Africa
If that holds true, this guide is what you need, as we have assembled every little thing important regarding white tag search engine optimization solutions. is the process when a business or a company (that uses this solution) executes search engine optimization activities under the name and the brand of their clients. The practice of white label solutions is typical in internet marketing.


If the outsourcing is done on a white label basis, the firm teammates will present themselves as the staff members of the client agency when communicating with partners, such as the editors of various other sites for link building services. Overall, the point of white tag search engine optimization solutions (a. k.a. SEO resellers or exclusive label search engine optimization) is that the outdoors will not know that the SEO solutions are given by a various firm.




The Best Strategy To Use For White Label Seo South Africa


We have actually put together a listing of one of the most typical reasons for you in our following area. So, your team needs to take care of SEO optimization, and you do not understand if it is better to create your group's SEO skills or outsource that job to seasoned professionals? While establishing search engine optimization skills in-house could feel like a wonderful idea, it will certainly require you to invest great deals of time, effort, and cash.


On the various other hand, there is the option of trusting your SEO procedures to a white tag search engine optimization company. Why should you go this method? Allow's give this hyperlink you this answer point-by-point. The first advantage of working with a specialized company is the cost you incur. That's right, the firm you employ will include their profit margin in the rate they bill you for their marketing services.


If you want to do Search engine optimization yourself, you will certainly either require to train your team or employ Search engine optimization professionals. Your group will require to function on SEO tasks for rather a while to collect the experience and sensible expertise to offer the very same result as a seasoned SEO professional.




The Of White Label Seo South Africa


Would you be alright with awaiting months for your interior team to get the necessary skills? Time is money, and lots of firms can not manage to await that lengthy. Instead, you can take the outsourcing approach and access well-trained and effective search engine optimization professionals right away. An additional element is the functioning rate of your interior group versus the company where the company is much faster, thanks to their tools, processes, and experience.


Our last advantage is concerning the optimal usage of the time and skills within your group. By letting professionals deal with the search engine optimization work under your name, you maximize time on what you succeed at. For example, if you concentrate on pay per click and raising e, Business conversions, it will be a wild-goose chase and skill to delegate your search engine optimization technique to them.


This sort of search engine optimization is regarding enhancing your web site. The goal is to ensure that your internet site's framework, navigation, and content are appealing to both your site visitors and internet search engine crawlers. On-page SEO is amongst the most essential tactics as around 60% of advertising supervisors have reported it as including one of the most worth.




6 Simple Techniques For White Label Seo South Africa


 


Still, there is additionally the extra advantage of having reduced bounce prices and longer session times as individuals are interested in what you are composing about. And the last 2 are Our site ranking elements.


On-page Search engine optimization is regarding interior connecting. Inner web links are the ones taking you can find out more to other pages on your web site.

 

Our Website Domain Rating Checker Statements

Some Known Details About Website Domain Rating Checker


It's essential not to judge Domain name Score in absolute terms. That's due to the fact that Domain name Rating is a loved one metric by interpretation.




Website Domain Rating CheckerWebsite Domain Rating Checker
Domain authority (DA) is mistakenly translated as a Google statistics so frequently that it's high time we do some serious myth-busting regarding what DA is. Domain authority, web site authority, or website authority is a catchall term for the quality signals Google uses in its core algorithm.


Domain Authority is not a Google ranking variable as well as has no influence on a website's efficiency in search.


That suggests they're developed to compare the authority of one website versus another as gauged by a certain algorithm, which is a backwards crafted, theoretical evaluation of the Google Browse algorithm. The reality of the issue is that authority is an idea that can not easily be measured. There is no solitary metric that can represent the quality of a site.




The Best Guide To Website Domain Rating Checker


An additional typical misunderstanding regarding domain authority scores is that they anticipate just how well a website will certainly execute in search results page. In truth, third events put together a proprietary DA score based upon (additionally understood as delayed indications), which are previous performance indicators. By contrast, (leading signs) suggest future performance. Because companies like Moz, Ahrefs, and also SEMrush do not have the huge infrastructure and sources that Google has, they have no selection but to base their domain authority ratings on tracking metrics.


It's not something where we would certainly provide you a score on authority as well as say this is the general rating for authority on your site - Website Domain Rating Checker."" John Mueller Google, Nevertheless, Mueller said that Google uses sitewide signals to look at a web site's general top quality to rank new web pages. As opposed to utilizing a main scoring system, Google checks out domain ranking signals based upon a website's present state as opposed to previous efficiency or quality


Instead, we placed their statements right into the context of our very own experiences as well as information. Often our information follows what they state, and also often it's not. This isn't to say that they're purposely misdirecting the public, however sometimes they respond to a certain question that the general public then conflates with a much more general truth.


You can make use of domain name authority ratings to compare your web site to your rivals and even track modifications on your web site in time. Maintain in mind that every domain name authority score is a relative measuring stick with no direct bearing on search performance or how Google examines sites and pages.




An Unbiased View of Website Domain Rating Checker


Website Domain Rating CheckerWebsite Domain Rating Checker
Quality backlinks act as an endorsement of a page. As indicated by some engagement signals and also Core Internet Vitals - Website Domain Rating Checker. These algorithms analyze signals indicating whether customers can see the site as planned on various browsers and gadgets as well as whether the web page lots time is quickly sufficient for customers with sluggish web links




While you might discover that sites with a high DA rank well, that's likely because they've purchased SEO and also quality content, not since they have a high domain authority. There is no person "ideal" domain name authority calculation. Since domain name authority scores are based upon routing metrics, the best bet is to regularly utilize the exact click here to read same computation over time if you want tracking them.




 


You can comply with those guides while producing your own web content. And by in this manner you can create a richer web content by enhancing your on-page SEO in a very easy method with some easy suggestions. The initial guidance prior to use this link pa da mosaic as well as domain name authority checker essential point to care for while producing your content is making partnerships between words as well as phrases, it is really vital to make the web content organized as much as you can and by in this way the search engines can establish easily the on-page subjects.




Website Domain Rating CheckerWebsite Domain Rating Checker
The additional relevant search phrases: those are the words, which relates to Key key phrases. The basic synonyms and also related variations: all the acronyms and expressions that can make the same definition of the topic major keyword phrase. The second suggestions So allow think of the internet search engine entering our site, in the subject the first thing it will certainly try to figure out the major search phrase, imp source the most essential one which have the optimum number of connections with various other words, so you require to place couple of things in your mind while arranging the words and also phrases of your topic.




Top Guidelines Of Website Domain Rating Checker


If we spoke about on-page optimization we have to point out something called the semantic distance, it is not a physical distance; in fact, it is a term, which is utilized to describe the different partnerships in between different phrases or words. It reveals the links between paragraphs, sentences as well as the other HTML elements.


Third guidance: The value of the links of your topic in addition to the exterior web links, within your subject to various other sites. The different internet search engine makes use of these web links a method that can be used to figure out the significance of the topics. domain name authority checker device helps you to do that Forth recommendations Entities markup Google acquires information of entities out the webpage automatically.


Of course most of us aren't able to calculate semantic relationships and also entity incidents, we can follow some steps next time you're crafting optimized content: First off the keyword study, although it's a well-known fact that key phrases alone aren't enough yet, still every little thing starts with a great keyword phrase research.

 

Seo Company Usa - Truths

Getting The Seo Company Usa To Work


SEO Company USASEO Company USA

SEO is a phrase for Browse Engine Optimization, which is the procedure of enhancing (maximizing) a site to make sure that it is more easily located online. SEO primarily concentrates on enhancing an internet site's positions in search engines like Google and BING. The greater an internet site shows up in the online search engine positions, the greater the possibility it will be seen.


There are several different types of website optimization. Please discover listed below a summary of the numerous kinds of site SEO services: A crucial aspect for website optimization is the effectiveness of the code with which the site is established. Bloated, ineffective code can reduce an internet site's lots time and water down code-to-text (on-page content).


 

SEO Company USASEO Company USA

Google a lot more readily comprehends the semantic significance of a web page when there is less code. In enhancement to supplying accurate outcomes that address a question, Google also factors right into its positions the speed of a website.


 

The Ultimate Guide To Seo Company Usa


All various other points being equal, Google will deliver a much faster web site before a slower site due to the fact that a visitor will most likely have a much better experience with the much faster web site. An additional vital ranking factor is whether a site is responsive, which suggests that the layout of the website adapts to the type of device being used to see the web site.


Web sites that are not receptive attempt to supply the whole width of an internet page suggested for a desktop onto a mobile phone or tablet. To make the web page fit, the on-page web content needs to be minimized in size, which commonly makes the page un-viewable. All various other points being equal, Google will certainly supply a mobile receptive web site before a non-responsive website.


A website with malware is a severe instance of a bad, troubled internet site. Certainly, no person wishes to contaminate their computer system by checking out a web site that is not secure. Google has actually been continuously raising the value of having a protected website by enhancing the importance of HTTPS internet sites over HTTP sites.




How Seo Company Usa can Save You Time, Stress, and Money.


SSL means Secured Socket Layer. It is an interactions protocol that produces a protected connection in between a visitor and also a website. Securing the information gotten in by a site visitor and gotten by the web site is essential to Google, therefore, they will place a website that is SSL shielded (https) over a site that is not (http).


Google values (and incentives) web pages that are structured without effort. The usage of headings aids to arrange the web content on a web page. Similar to a term paper synopsis, major subjects make use of even more noticeable headers. In terms of SEO, these would include H1 and H2 heading tags and also identify even more macro ideas.


The even more a web site joins social networks, the higher the probability of social media sites individuals checking out the web site. Relating to off-page SEO, Google's priority is to provide quality web content to its individuals. Among the very best indications of top quality material, is the regularity with which material is shared online. Social media marketing is an outstanding means to motivate the sharing of a site's content.




6 Simple Techniques For Seo Company Usa


To Google, back links from one website to an additional are similar to referral referrals. The more referrals (back links) a website obtains, the extra Google regards the web site as appropriate and, consequently, the better a website's positions. Since back links are vital to domain authority and ranking well, it often tends to be the area with the best abuse in terms of spam.




More crucial to enhancing rankings, is the top quality of back links. One high quality backlink from a trusted, authoritative website is far better than 10 and, possibly, even 100 poor-quality web links. The trick to obtaining good-quality backlinks is to give important content on your site that may reference as well as desire to show to their website visitors.


The majority of people would instead use voice search than keying, which is why voice search is forecasted to be better than 50% of all searches by 2020.




An Unbiased View of Seo Company Usa


Like item testimonials, company and also solution evaluations are useful to people looking to work with a firm to do solutions. These types of evaluations can both assist as well as harm a company.


Conventional organic SEO enhances positions within the normal internet search engine results location. Neighborhood SEO concentrates on boosting positions within the "local-pack", which is the area within outcomes with a map with 3 local businesses provided. Local search engine optimization is essential to companies that rely on neighborhood or local customers. While natural SEO can help discover local customers, it is crucial to companies with a national as well as global focus.


For that factor, you may think click here to find out more about enhancing your SEO. You can hire an in-house SEO professional, an advertising agency, or a freelance Search engine optimization.




Unknown Facts About Seo Company Usa


It can additionally equip you to take care of these problems yourself and also after that hand the rest off to a specialist. Actually, there are no "primary" kinds of SEOespecially given that each is so interconnected. But, here are four kinds of SEO we'll cover today. On-page Search Engine Optimization Off-page Search Engine Optimization Technical SEO Citizen SEO Let's break down the ones over a little bit a lot more.




SEO Company USASEO Company USA
It's all the variables happening off your website and also on other parts of the Internet that read can influence your site's positions. One major facet of off-page search engine optimization is having premium backlinks. Below's an example of how you can accumulate your brand's off-page SEO.First, you conduct research study and also release an informative write-up about pet cat allergies on your web site.


So, something such as having a clear and also helpful website style is an instance of a technical search engine optimization factor that assists people and internet search engine. Services that have physical areas can make use of neighborhood search engine optimization to obtain even more foot traffic. Enhancing material on your site as well as on systems like Google Service Profile (aka Google My Business) can aid place your brand name in front of an interested regional audience.




See This Report on Seo Company Usa


 


Local SEO usually contains (but is not restricted to): Taking care of on the internet citations Establishing up a Google Service Account Targeting and monitoring local keyword phrases Developing site material to target local searches Leveraging regional links to build collaborations as well as back links, Local businesses that intend to have good SEO needs to still concentrate on their on-page, off-page, and technical SEO.


Apart from those 4 significant buckets of SEO, there are plenty even more methods to improve your exposure on internet search engine. Right here are a couple of more methods to enhance search useful reference engine optimization that do not constantly fall nicely right into one of the categories over. Yes, your photos require to have optimized HTML tags, much like the remainder of the content on your internet site.

 

Seo Experts for Dummies


Dublin Marketing & SEO Agency
6200 Village Pkwy, Dublin, CA 94568
(925) 397-1711

 



The 25-Second Trick For Seo Service


Back links are web links from various other web sites to yours. They aid enhance your search ranking since they show that somebody else thinks very of your site. You have to consider which internal links and exterior back links you will certainly use. Choosing the right resources or being cited as a resource for another company can help you develop reputation, brand name understanding and include web link juice.


We offer cost effective e, Business SEO packages to obtain organic searches and also make your site stand out from the rival's internet site. The net is a really affordable location. If you desire to succeed, you require to know how to obtain your web site seen by the target audience. One of one of the most efficient ways to do this is with seo (SEO).


When you have an organization, one of the main obstacles is advising potential consumers as well as consumers that you exist. Online presence is vital to obtaining leads and also feasible consumers. Yet, it is simple to obtain lost in the ocean that is the Internet. That's why search engine optimization (seo) is extremely vital, especially for the little individuals.


Search engine optimization method is about improving the entire individual experience, and this includes a well-structured, tidy, and uncluttered site. The longer a casual visitor keeps, the most likely they are to lower the bounce price and also boost page views. Plus, mobile compatibility is becoming progressively extra essential, as 62% of firms that designed a website specifically for mobile had enhanced sales.




Seo Agency for Beginners


SEO techniques are multifaceted, yet they are made to obtain your item and also brand name discovered and also ahead. Internet advertising firms everywhere are investing extra right into SEO.


When looking for a service or item online, individuals are more likely to select among the top five ideas that the search engine reveals them. SEO aids you place greater in search engine result and garner more exposure online, making prospective clients extra likely to click over to your website as well as transform.


Customer experience is a significant ranking variable for Google. This indicates that by providing the website to appeal to internet search engine like Google and also Bing, you're likewise providing it to the customer's experience (Dublin SEO for Hotels). This indicates both online search engine and also customers are able to conveniently obtain the info they need. On the various other hand, if an individual battles to navigate your site, opportunities are that search engines will certainly.




Seo ExpertsSeo Experts

 



As we stated above, the greater you place on an internet search engine for a variety of high-volume key words, the more natural (also known as non-paid) web website traffic your website will certainly get. It's as straightforward as that - marketing company (Dublin SEO for Event Planners). An internet site that is well maximized is a lot more most likely to obtain even more clients and also make even more sales due to raised lead generation.




The Basic Principles Of Seo Firm


On-site SEO refers to the improvements to be applied to the content on your site to ensure that it's search engine friendly. When optimizing your website for search engines, you wish to signify to look engines precisely what each website has to do with in a range of methods. With on-site SEO, you'll deal with the framework of your website, including key phrases to numerous portions of each web page.


This enables you to start a discussion with a potential client by offering them beneficial details that they are proactively looking for. And also when they're ready to purchase their brand-new home window treatments, that will be the very first to come to mind?


So, if a person intended to locate the very best sushi in the area, they would certainly do a quick Google search, search the top results around them, as well as make their choice. Conversely, this indicates that if your organization isn't showing up as a leading outcome when it should be included, customers are probably taking their service in other places.


If you have any kind of inquiries or are aiming to build constant, trustworthy leads for your brand in 2023, we would certainly enjoy to talk concerning how SEO fits in.




Seo Experts Can Be Fun For Everyone


That's when you can call in PPC advertising to get in front of your target market immediately. At the very same time, you can optimize those web pages for on-demand watching at a later time. Come to be a Ppc Pro Now (completely free)Enroll Now Another benefit to utilizing PPC and also search engine optimization with each other: making use of paid advertisements to remarket to traffic you generated utilizing SEO! Let's claim you have a site page that's regularly in the setting 1 area in search results page.




Seo CompanySeo Services
If you are ready to start a SEO journey, right here's a fantastic explainer of what search engine optimization is and how all of it jobs. And also if you intend to take a much deeper dive right into either of these channels, you can look into Simplilearn's Seo (SEO) Educating Program and also Advanced Ppc (PAY PER CLICK) Training online programs.




 


SEO or Look Engine Optimization is a method that aids companies increase their web site exposure in search engines like Google or Bing. Most solution specialists desire to, and also the means that they typically do that is using SEO.




This allows you to begin a discussion with a possible customer by offering them beneficial information that they are proactively looking for. As well as when they're all set to acquire their brand-new window therapies, who will be the first ahead to mind? You! Your web content needs to be instructional, interesting, and also shareable.




The smart Trick of Seo Company That Nobody is Discussing


So, if someone desired to discover the very best sushi around, they 'd do a quick Google search, browse the leading results around them, and make their decision. Conversely, this suggests that if your service isn't showing up as a top result when it ought to be consisted of, customers are most likely taking their company in other places.


If you have any type of inquiries or are aiming to develop steady, dependable leads for your brand in 2023, we would certainly like my site to talk concerning how search engine optimization suits.


That's when you can employ PPC marketing to get in front of your audience immediately. At the same time, you can enhance those pages for on-demand watching at a later time. Become a Pay Per Click Pro Currently (free of cost)Enroll Currently One more advantage to using pay per click and SEO with each other: utilizing paid ads to remarket to traffic you generated using search engine optimization! Let's claim you have an internet site web page that's regularly in the position 1 place in search results page.




Seo ExpertsSeo Service
If you are prepared to get started on a SEO journey, below's a wonderful explainer of what SEO is and how all of it jobs. And if you desire to take a deeper study either of these channels, you can look into Simplilearn's Look Engine Optimization (SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION) Training Program as well as Advanced Ppc (PAY PER CLICK) Training on-line programs.




What Does Seo Experts Do?


Search Engine Optimization or Seo is a strategy that aids organizations enhance their site visibility in internet search engine like Google or Bing. Many solution professionals wish to, as well as the way that they typically do that is making use of SEO. Below at Leads, Close-by, we rely upon Regional search engine optimization techniques to aid rate specialists greater in search, get them even more quality site visitors to their web sites as well as even more conversions that help their bottom line.

 

Seo Tools Can Be Fun For Anyone

An Unbiased View of Seo Tools


Web content top quality. Discover a lot more regarding keyword research and search intent here.Another problem with SEO devices, in general, is that in the backlink profile of the web site, They only offer you an estimate of the backlinks of the website.




 


They do not think about whether the backlinks are indexed in Google or otherwise. The issue with this thing is that you will end up requesting links to other web sites that your rivals constructed from without recognizing whether the web links are indexed in google or otherwise or without recognizing the quality of the web link.




SEO ToolsSEO Tools
This is rather aggravating for individuals when you see something as good not a huge issue using good sense however these devices irritate you by allowing you understand that they are problems due to the fact that they are created in such a method. The devices do not comprehend the context. These search engine optimization devices like, Ahrefs.




Facts About Seo Tools Revealed


Moz. These industry-standard devices cost around 100 USD a month. Considering its ROI it could appear like they are really extremely pricey, as they are really very pricey. The sad aspect of this is the entire sector goes after these devices calling the best in the business. This develops social pressure for blog writers and Search engine optimizations to acquire these tools as their experts and also other individuals in the organization are using it and advising it.


You can authorize up for their complimentary trials and also see exactly how it is with your SEO technique. SEO devices are not something you spend and also the SEO of your web site is done, Search engine optimization is a great deal even more than devices.


Whenever you begin keying a keyword phrase in a Google search box, Google recommends related phrases based upon your own search background as well as terms preferred with various other individuals. SEO Tools. A quick method to get keyword concepts, after that, is to merely start inputting an expression in Google to see what the internet search engine suggests, Munoz states.




The Best Strategy To Use For Seo Tools




Quora is a prominent question-and-answer website Mc, Gee claims he finds helpful in establishing blog site subjects. "A single subject can cause several originalities for blog material," he says. "Just browsing the inquiries for any kind of provided subject is wonderful, but after that reviewing the responses and conversations on certain questions is also much better.




SEO ToolsSEO Tools
Inbox, Q is an on the internet device as well as a Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox expansion. Kind a basic keyword phrase as well as Inbox, Q will certainly reveal the concerns Twitter customers are asking on that topic.


(The even more a topic is being gone over in Twitter, the more probable brand-new, maximized content on that subject will draw in passion and also, by expansion, get social shares and also web links, which can aid improve online search engine positions.) Google loves, and also has a tendency to look at here now reward, fresh web content with greater search rankings - SEO Tools. Blogging, naturally, is a simple method to produce that material.




Not known Incorrect Statements About Seo Tools


Hoot, Collection provides free as well as paid plans (starting at $10/month)., a similar solution that uploads to Facebook, Twitter, Linked, In and also Application.




SEO ToolsSEO Tools
It just has to be this way. This test makes use of the same information established as my previous post above. Just as a fast recommendation: I looked at pages that transformed in Q4 2019 for a B2B Saa, S client (calendar year 2019)I gathered all the terms that drove at least one click to those transforming web pages from Google Look Console (2,187 terms)I looked to see how numerous of these terms WERE NOT in the data collections of AHREFs, SEMrush & ("no volume" search terms) I was going to consist of Moz's Keyword phrase Explorer in this test, but the 2,187 key words were more than I was allowed in a checklist for a demo account ($179/mo tier).




The Seo Tools Diaries


There are so numerous out there, as well as honestly, a great deal of them set you back a fair bit of cash. With the right expertise and also an area to start, not just can you locate some superb Search engine optimization platforms, yet you can also discover some that are either completely cost-free to utilize, or dig this very inexpensive.


These platforms will assist give the customer an inside take a look at various industry particular niches and also see what jobs as well as what does not. Below are a few of the best search engine optimization devices on-line today. Provide them an appearance, contrast them, see which one functions finest for you, as well as after that make an informed option.


Believe concerning it; Google is currently the most significant search engine on the Net. It makes feeling that their system of devices would be on the top of this checklist. Their collection of tools offers you quite a little bit.




Indicators on Seo Tools You Need To Know


Not only does it offer you everything imaginable to rank greater in searches, read here however you can likewise do things like send a sitemap, request indexing, and also extra - SEO Tools. Online cloud system, Suitable with Saa, S as well as Android, Consists of keyword monitoring tools, Online support and also documents, Search impacts as well as queries, Free to make use of, Heaps of built-in tools, Possibility tips An additional among the very best SEO tools out there is SEMrush.

 

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15